The First World War, which lasted from 1914 to 1918, marked a radical change in global dynamics and political systems. By presenting modern military technology, the propagation of ideology, and the fight for resources, this war sparked new approaches to the study of history. History of the First World War focuses not only on the battles, but also on the social, economic, and cultural analysis of the conflict. One of the new approaches in history is the use of a social perspective. Historians began to explore the impact of the war on civil society. Sacrifices made by society in the form of food and labor supported the war effort, while changes in gender roles marked significant social transitions. Women entered the workforce and replaced men who had gone to war, thus challenging traditional norms. The economic approach is also in the spotlight. The war had a major impact on the economy, triggering inflation and changes in global trade. Countries involved in the war prioritized the arms industry, increasing technological progress, and creating new jobs. Researchers are currently examining how these economic factors can influence political decisions and military strategy. In a political context, the First World War introduced the ideology of nationalism and ideological war. Many countries struggle to maintain their national identities, leading to ethnic conflicts and changes in national boundaries. Thus, modern historians study the long-term impact of the creation of new states and changes in the political map of the world. The technological aspect of war cannot be ignored either. Innovations such as tanks, fighter planes, and chemical weapons changed the face of combat. Historians have sought to explore how this technology not only produced changes in military tactics but also in society’s view of war itself—causing fear and concern about the social impact. Cultural studies of the First World War also developed. Literature, art, and film have used this conflict as a source of inspiration, producing works that reflect their experiences and trauma. Documentation and archives are beginning to be researched, providing new insights into daily life during the war. The history of the First World War stirs the collective soul of the nations involved, and efforts to understand its impact never cease. Through multidisciplinary collaboration, historians seek to interpret this conflict from various points of view. This new approach helps answer more complex questions about identity, power and the legacy left behind. Critical thinking towards traditional war myths and narratives is also increasingly developing. Historians examine government documents, eyewitness reports, and mass media from that era to reveal the reality behind the war, including the propaganda that shaped public opinion. From an educational perspective, the First World War is now studied in a wider context, encouraging students to think critically about history as a dynamic process. Innovations in history teaching integrate information technology and digital resources, providing greater access to research and analysis. With all these approaches, understanding of the First World War expanded significantly. Future evidence of its impact continues, helping us understand the complexities of the modern world. Historians now have a responsibility to explore and retell stories that have not been represented, exploring the realities faced by the individuals involved.
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